[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/internet-se-vyvijel-dlouha-desetileti-zpocatku-pomalu-dnes-jiz-exponencialne\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/internet-se-vyvijel-dlouha-desetileti-zpocatku-pomalu-dnes-jiz-exponencialne\/","headline":"Internet se vyv\u00edjel dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku pomalu, dnes ji\u017e exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b.","name":"Internet se vyv\u00edjel dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku pomalu, dnes ji\u017e exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b.","description":"Po\u010d\u00e1tky Internetu se datuj\u00ed ji\u017e do p\u0159elomu 50. a 60. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Nebyl to ov\u0161em Internet takov\u00fd, jak jej zn\u00e1me, jednalo se o v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed propojen\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch radarov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f AN\/FSQ 7. Brzy na to se tato s\u00ed\u0165 objevila i v automatizovan\u00e9m rezerva\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu americk\u00fdch aerolini\u00ed. \u0160lo o komunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e1 nem\u011bla svou vlastn\u00ed […]","datePublished":"2023-05-06","dateModified":"2023-05-06","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da76ffe9456a057fb26f92cd8eb3d2effca853864e9ae2a35290bd1e10b1f7d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da76ffe9456a057fb26f92cd8eb3d2effca853864e9ae2a35290bd1e10b1f7d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"helko.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308374_w2112_t1519467943.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308374_w2112_t1519467943.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/internet-se-vyvijel-dlouha-desetileti-zpocatku-pomalu-dnes-jiz-exponencialne\/","wordCount":463,"articleBody":"Po\u010d\u00e1tky Internetu se datuj\u00ed ji\u017e do p\u0159elomu 50. a 60. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Nebyl to ov\u0161em Internet takov\u00fd, jak jej zn\u00e1me, jednalo se o v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed propojen\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch radarov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f AN\/FSQ 7. Brzy na to se tato s\u00ed\u0165 objevila i v automatizovan\u00e9m rezerva\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu americk\u00fdch aerolini\u00ed. \u0160lo o komunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e1 nem\u011bla svou vlastn\u00ed \u00fast\u0159ednu, tedy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed uzel, a s\u00ed\u0165 jako takov\u00e1 byla tzv. decentralizov\u00e1na. Musela fungovat sama o sob\u011b i p\u0159i v\u00fdpadku jak\u00e9koliv \u010d\u00e1sti cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.
 
 
 Na po\u010d\u00e1tku byl telegraf
 Datov\u00e1 komunikace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm elektrick\u00e9 energie nebo r\u00e1diov\u00fdch vln pochopiteln\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zela vzniku prvn\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f. Prvn\u00ed telegrafy a d\u00e1lnopisy se pou\u017e\u00edvaly ji\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed a teprve s rozvojem v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky se za\u010dal p\u0159enos dat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm elektromagnetick\u00e9ho m\u00e9dia (kabel\u00e1\u017ee) rozv\u00edjet do podoby, jakou zn\u00e1me dnes. Prvn\u00edmi pilotn\u00ed projekty propojen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f navz\u00e1jem byly tzv. mainframov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Jednalo se o centr\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, CPU (procesorovou) jednotku, spojenou (nap\u0159. microlann\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed) s okoln\u00edmi termin\u00e1ly. Nev\u00fdhodou t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f bylo omezen\u00ed komunikace mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi, termin\u00e1ly nemohly komunikovat mezi sebou. Nav\u00edc bylo cel\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed propojen\u00e9 kabelem a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed do\u0161lo k selh\u00e1n\u00ed i cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Mimochodem, termin\u00e1lovou s\u00edt\u00ed od firmy ICL tak\u00e9 disponovaly nap\u0159. \u010cesk\u00e9 aerolinie.
 
 Mainframe, token-ring, ethernet
 Za b\u011bhu mainframov\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f se za\u010dal vyv\u00edjet zp\u016fsob komunikace mezi po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, kter\u00e9 by byly na sob\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e9. Vznikala tzv. digit\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 s p\u0159epojovan\u00fdmi pakety (packet switched) a prvn\u00edmi projekty byla s\u00ed\u0165 Telnet, X25, s\u00ed\u0165 Arpanet, nebo t\u0159eba UUCP (unix to unix copy). V\u00fdvoj protokol\u016f se nezastavil na omezen\u00e9m po\u010dtu tzv. bran, bylo vytvo\u0159eno s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00e9 main s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e1 v sob\u011b zahrnovala v\u00edce lok\u00e1ln\u00edch men\u0161\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed. T\u00edm se za\u010dala tak\u00e9 rodit my\u0161lenka jedn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b celosv\u011btov\u00e9, kde budou pou\u017eity standardizovan\u00e9 protokoly.
 
 Rok 1982 byl pro Internet kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd. Tehdy tuto koncepci p\u0159ijal t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00fd z\u00e1padn\u00ed sv\u011bt, ale jeliko\u017e sv\u011bt nebyl jednotn\u00fd ani tehdy, a nen\u00ed pochopiteln\u011b jednotn\u00fd ani dnes, jsou v komunika\u010dn\u00edch, tedy i s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch prvc\u00edch, zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly. Odborn\u00edci hovo\u0159\u00ed o tzv. digit\u00e1ln\u00ed propasti, kter\u00e1 d\u011bl\u00ed zejm\u00e9na sv\u011bt pr\u016fmyslov\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00ed od zem\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edho sv\u011bta.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.1\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Internet se vyv\u00edjel dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku pomalu, dnes ji\u017e exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b.","item":"https:\/\/www.helko.cz\/internet-se-vyvijel-dlouha-desetileti-zpocatku-pomalu-dnes-jiz-exponencialne\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]